English in India enjoys a place of prestige among the masses. In many schools it is the medium of instruction; it is also taught as the second and, in some places, the third language. The main purpose of teaching and learning English is to enable learners to use language with ease and comfort. It is important to understand the attitude of trainers, teachers and linguists towards English Language to know the trends in English Language Teaching. The present situation of English language teaching demands strengthening teacher training, broadening the vision of English teachers towards teaching, to create opportunity for language learning among learners which will enable them to use language confidently, accurately and effectively. The book may be useful for researchers, teachers and teacher educators of ESL and ELT.
Dr. Syedah Fawzia Nadeem is an Associate Professor in the Department of Teacher Training and Non-Formal Education, IASE, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi. She has been involved in teaching of English to pre-service teacher education students. Prior to that she was a lecturer in the Department of Educational Studies, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi. She has to her credit a book and published articles in national journals of repute. She has also contributed in developing the learning materials for various distance education institutions.
Preface vii
List of Figures xi
Introduction
I. Introduction to Tradition of Yoga
Yoga: Its Meaning and Importance
History of Yoga
Schools of Yoga
Bhakti Yoga
Karma Yoga
II. Introduction to Hath Yoga
III. Introduction to Patanjal Yoga
Concept of Chitta and its Modifications: Chitta Vritti
Introduction to Patanjal Yoga
Astanga Yoga
IV. Introduction to Human Body and Mind
Skeletal System
Muscular System
Digestive System
Respiratory System
Circulatory System
Skin
Nervous System
Excretory (Urinary) System
Reproductive System
Endocrine System
Effect of Yogic Practices on Human Body
Human Mind and Role of Yoga in Mental Health
V. Yoga and Health Care
Concept of Health and Disease in Yoga
Yogic Practices for Common Man
Yogic Management of Common Disorders
VI. Role of Yoga for Healthy Lifestyle
Healthy Life Style and its Importance in Healthy living
Yoga and Healthy Lifestyle
VII. Yoga and Education
Role of Yoga in Education
Role of Yoga towards Personality Development
VIII. Methods of Teaching Yoga
Teaching Methodology in Yoga
Evaluation in Yoga Teaching
IX. Yoga Practices
Common Instructions for the Practice
Preparatory Practices
Surya Namaskar
Meditative, Cultural and Relaxation ?sana
Pranayama Practice
Satkarma Practice
Practice Leading to Meditation
Special Relaxation Technique: Yoga Nidr?
Index